The New York Times reported that Neil had been arrested in an unnamed Middle Eastern country.
The 25-year-old, who has gone by the name Abu Khaled al- Cambodi since joining ISIS in 2013, was thought to have been killed in an American air strike in Iraq in July.
Neil, who was of Fijian and Cambodian descent, has been a prominent member of ISIS in Iraq, and has sought to recruit Australians to carry out attacks.
Quoting a senior American official, the Times said that US forces targeted Neil earlier this year. Though he was wounded, he survived.
"In the last few weeks, however, a Middle Eastern government arrested Mr. Prakash," another senior American military official was quoted as saying.
Neil handed himself to Turkish authorities several weeks ago, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation said.
Australia's justice minister, Michael Keenan, declined to comment on the new report on Neil, but conceded that the government's ability to confirm reports of deaths in Syria or Iraq was limited.
"As a matter of longstanding practice, the Australian government does not comment on matters of intelligence or law enforcement operations," Keenan said.
"The government reported Prakash's death in May on the basis of advice from the US government that he had been killed in an airstrike."
He said, "There have been people who have been reported dead and are later found to be alive."
Prakash entered strife-torn Syria in 2013 and has been the public face of a number of ISIS's propaganda videos.
He grew up in Melbourne and converted to Islam in 2012.
He attended the now-closed al-Furqan Islamic Centre.
In August 2015 the Australian federal police issued a first instance warrant for Prakash's arrest, which is still valid.
Prakash was believed to have had links to numerous plots in Australia, including a knife attack by an 18-year-old against two policemen in Melbourne and foiled plans to attack police both last year and this year on Anzac Day, Australia's memorial day for fallen soldiers.
According to media reports, Prakash converted from Buddhism to Islam in 2012 after a visit to Cambodia, when he was repulsed by what he viewed as Buddhism's commercialism and idolatry. He attended meetings at Al-Furqan bookstore and prayer centre in Melbourne before becoming a jihadist.
Press Trust of India
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